What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Melanoma
Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that develops when there is an abnormal growth of pigment-producing cells called melanocytes. It can occur anywhere on the skin, including areas not exposed to the sun. Early detection plays a crucial role in successful treatment, making it important to recognize the signs and symptoms of melanoma.
1. Changes in Moles
One of the earliest signs of melanoma is the development of new moles or changes in existing moles. Keep an eye on any moles that:
- Are asymmetrical, with one half not matching the other
- Have irregular borders, with edges that are not smooth
- Display varied colors, such as shades of brown, black, or even pink, white, or blue
- Have a diameter larger than 6 millimeters
- Evolving or changing in size, shape, or color over time
2. Unusual Skin Lesions
Melanoma can also present as new or unusual skin lesions that may not resemble typical moles. These lesions may:
- Appear as small, shiny, pink or red lesions
- Have a waxy, translucent appearance
- Feel itchy, tender, or painful to the touch
- Bleed or ooze fluid
- Scab or crust over
3. Skin Changes
Changes in the skin surrounding a mole or lesion could indicate melanoma. Watch out for:
- Redness or swelling in the surrounding skin
- Changes in texture, such as becoming rough or scaly
- Development of a bump or nodule
4. Spread to Nearby Lymph Nodes
As melanoma advances, it can spread to nearby lymph nodes. This may cause:
- Enlarged, firm, or swollen lymph nodes
- Tenderness or pain in the affected area
5. Other General Symptoms
In advanced stages, melanoma may cause general symptoms that are not limited to the skin. These symptoms include:
- Unexplained weight loss
- Loss of appetite
- Fatigue
- Shortness of breath
- Headaches
Early Detection and Prevention
Regular self-examination of the skin and routine visits to a dermatologist are essential for early detection of melanoma. Follow these tips to reduce the risk of developing melanoma:
- Apply sunscreen with a high SPF regularly, even on cloudy days
- Avoid excessive sun exposure, especially between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.
- Wear protective clothing, such as wide-brimmed hats and long-sleeved shirts
- Seek shade when the sun is strongest
- Avoid tanning beds and sunlamps
- Regularly examine your skin, including hard-to-see areas like the scalp, soles of the feet, and genitalia
Smith, Arthur F, MD is a trusted health professional dedicated to providing expert care in the field of dermatology. With extensive experience in diagnosing and treating skin conditions, including melanoma, Dr. Smith takes a patient-centered approach to ensure the best possible outcomes for his patients.
If you suspect any signs or symptoms of melanoma or have concerns about your skin health, don't hesitate to schedule an appointment with Smith, Arthur F, MD. Early detection and timely intervention can make a significant difference in the treatment and prognosis of melanoma.
